How to Change GRUB Splash Image, Background, Font Color on Your Linux

On Debian Lenny (and previous versions of Debian), you might have got tired of seeing a blue box with black background for GRUB when the Linux was booting up. But starting from Debian Squeeze, GRUB adds a background image which looks good (better than the boring background colors).
This article explains how to change the GRUB background image. The steps mentioned below were tested on Debian Squeeze with grub-1.98. But these steps should also work on other similar Linux distros.

Choosing a GRUB Background Image

GRUB 2 can use PNG, JPG/JPEG and TGA images for the background. The image must meet the following specifications:

• JPG/JPEG images must be 8-bit (256 color)
• Images should be non-indexed, RGB

By default, if desktop-base package is installed, images conforming to the above specification will be located in /usr/share/images/desktop-base/ directory.

Order of Search for GRUB Splash Images

In grub-1.98, the splash image to be displayed will be searched in the following order.

1. GRUB_BACKGROUND line in /etc/default/grub
2. First image found in /boot/grub/ ( more images found, it will be taken alphanumerically )
3. The image specified in /usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh
4. The file listed in the WALLPAPER line in /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme

So you can use any of the above in the order of priority to make GRUB display your own images. The following is the content of /etc/default/grub file on my system.

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

GRUB_BACKGROUND="/usr/share/images/desktop-base/moreblue-orbit-splash.png"

Once changes has been done using any of the above methods, make sure you execute update-grub command as shown below.

# update-grub
Generating grub.cfg ...
Found background: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/moreblue-orbit-splash.png
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/moreblue-orbit-splash.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64
done

Now, when you boot your machine, you will see the customized image in GRUB.
Talking about GRUB, you also might want to password protect your GRUB as we discussed earlier.

Change GRUB Front and Menu Colors

Now we have placed our own image in GRUB. But it will still display the menu and its entries in the default color.
The following are the 3 main GRUB color setting that you can change.

• menu_color_highlight => The color of the highlighted menu entry and its background within the menu box
• menu_color_normal => The color of non-selected menu entry and its background within the menu box
• color_normal => The color of text and background outside the menu box

The syntax for specifying the color is as follows:

menu_color_highlight=fg-color/bg-color

The following colors are supported by grub:

black
blue
brown
cyan
dark-gray
green
light-cyan
light-blue
light-green
light-gray
light-magenta
light-red
magenta
red
white
yellow

Now to change the colors, open “/etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme” and find the following line:

        if [ -z "${2}" ] && [ -z "${3}" ]; then
                echo "  true"
        fi

and, replace them with the following:

if [ -z "${2}" ] && [ -z "${3}" ]; then
    # echo "  true"
    echo "    set color_highlight=red/green"
    echo "    set color_normal=light-cyan/black"
fi

Don’t change the “black” present in color_normal. If changed, the image will not be transparent in the area where the menu is displayed.
After this change, execute “update-grub”, and reboot your system. You will notice the change in the font colors displayed. After making the above mentioned changes on my system, the GRUB screen looked like the following:

Experiment with GRUB Colors

When you are not sure of what colors to choose, and you would like to experiment, then you can do it from the grub command-line itself.

1. When the grub menu appears, press any key to stop the countdown
2. Press ‘C’ to get into GRUB command line, and experiment as you wish

grub> set color_highlight=red/green
grub> set color_normal=light-cyan/black

3. Now press “ESC”, to see the effect of your changes. If not satisfied, follow the steps once again and try different combinations.